centos 7 yum 安装 MySQL 5.6 修改了数据目录后，无法启动

waylau 发布于 2015/05/15 14:47

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答案 10

RHEL

MySQL

刚开始，安装默认步骤安装完 MySQL　是可以正常启动的。后来我就想把 MySQL　的数据目录修改下路径。
这个是我记录的步骤， http://www.waylau.com/centos-7-install-mysql/

主要是做了如下操作

移动数据到数据存放目录

`/var/lib/mysql` 整个目录移到 `/home/data`，执行

    mv /var/lib/mysql /home/data

这样就把 MySQL 的数据文件移动到了 `/home/data/mysql` 下

修改 `/etc/my.cnf` 文件，

    [mysqld]
    datadir=/home/data/mysql
    socket=/home/data/mysql/mysql.sock

    [mysql]
    socket=/home/data/mysql/mysql.sock

切换到 MySQL 安装目录  /usr/bin，执行

    chown -R mysql .
    chgrp -R mysql .

而后我再执行 systemctl start mysqld

就没有响应了，好像死掉一样，直到我执行 ctr+c 来取消那个命令

看了下日志 /var/log/mysqld.log

150515 14:44:12 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
150515 14:50:21 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /home/data/mysql
2015-05-15 14:50:22 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2015-05-15 14:50:22 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.24) starting as process 1761 ...
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Warning] Can't create test file /home/data/mysql/localhost.lower-test
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Warning] Can't create test file /home/data/mysql/localhost.lower-test
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)

2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)

2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2015-05-15 14:50:22 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.24 started; log sequence number 1654293
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3306
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] - '::' resolves to '::';
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [ERROR] Can't start server : Bind on unix socket: Permission denied
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on socket: /home/data/mysql/mysql.sock ?
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [ERROR] Aborting

2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Binlog end
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'partition'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FIELDS'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_INDEXES'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLES'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_CONFIG'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DELETED'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_METRICS'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_RESET'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCK_WAITS'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCKS'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_TRX'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'InnoDB'
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2015-05-15 14:50:23 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1654303
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'ARCHIVE'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'BLACKHOLE'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MEMORY'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'CSV'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MyISAM'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MRG_MYISAM'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_old_password'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'binlog'
2015-05-15 14:50:25 1761 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete

150515 14:50:25 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended

是错在哪里?

加载中

Feng_Yu

2015/05/15 14:52

看看日志输出呢？是不是卡在哪一步了？

评论 (20) 引用此答案举报

waylau

2015/05/15 17:20

回复 @Feng_Yu : 恩。设置SELinux 成为permissive模式，重启后也是可以访问的

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Feng_Yu

2015/05/15 17:12

回复 @waylau : 建议还是招一个或者自己培训一个SA。程序员就不要乱搞产品环境了，否则以后接手的SA绝对会骂。至于Selinux这玩意，无论开还是不开都有自己的理由，决定权在SA手里。

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waylau

2015/05/15 16:59

@Feng_Yu 那话说在生产环境，我到底是需不需要启用 selinux 呢？话说，我们现在是想把java web项目从 window 迁移到 centos 上，。但是现在公司又没有这方面 Linux 运维的人才。鉴于这种现状,你能给我哪些建议呢？谢谢指导

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Feng_Yu

2015/05/15 16:39

回复 @waylau : selinux经常会出现奇怪的权限问题。调试阶段通常关闭。全部调通之后最后调整selinux权限

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waylau

2015/05/15 16:24

回复 @Feng_Yu : 这招管用了，我重启就可以访问了。~ 但这是为什么呢？？

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Helloall

2015/05/15 15:08

你可以尝试重新初始化数据库

sudo /你的目录/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/你的目录/mysql --datadir=/你的数据库目录

重新初始化之后，尝试能否启动？

评论 (4) 引用此答案举报

waylau

2015/05/15 15:40

[root @localhost ~]# /usr/bin/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/bin/mysql --datadir=/home/data/mysql -bash: /usr/bin/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db: 不是目录

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waylau

2015/05/15 15:20

回复 @Helloall : [root @localhost ~]# whereis mysql mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz 是 /usr/bin/mysql 吗？？

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Helloall

2015/05/15 15:18

回复 @waylau : 打开终端，输入whereis mysql 命令，就可以列出与Mysql相关的目录了。

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waylau

2015/05/15 15:15

我是root 账户用 yum 安装的，话说，他默认的安装目录是在哪里？

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waylau

2015/05/15 15:24

@ Feng_Yu

[root @localhost ~]# ps aux | grep mysql
root 1460 0.0 0.0 115212 1564 ? Ss 15:17 0:00 /bin/bash /usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post
root 2996 0.0 0.0 112656 972 pts/0 S+ 15:20 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql

这个文件 /home/data/mysql/mysql.sock 是不存在的

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超

超级超级管理员

2015/05/15 15:30

关掉 selinux吧

评论 (2) 引用此答案举报

waylau

2015/05/15 17:19

设置SELinux 成为permissive模式重启是可以的，但是这个为啥呢？

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waylau

2015/05/15 15:31

setenforce 0 ##设置SELinux 成为permissive模式关了还是一样启动不了

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orangleliu

2015/05/15 15:48

我一开始也是这么做的，一直没解决，后来直接吧 mysql目录软链接到其他盘的目录。这样一个替代方案

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purple_grape

2015/05/15 17:31

chmod 755 /home/data

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waylau

2015/05/15 19:21

[root @localhost ~]# chmod 755 /home/data [root @localhost ~]# ls -Z /home/data drwxr-xr-x. mysql mysql system_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0 mysql 设置了还是不行

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